Organic light-emitting device

ABSTRACT

An organic light-emitting device (OLED) includes a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; an emission layer (EML) between the first electrode and the second electrode; a hole transport region between the first electrode and the EML; an electron transport region between the EML and the second electrode; and an interlayer between the EML and the hole transport region, wherein the interlayer includes an amine-based compound represented by Formula 1 or 2: 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     where Ar 1 , Ar 2 , R 1 -R 4 , Z 11 -Z 21 , p, and q are as defined in the specification.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

Korean Patent Application No. 10-2014-0017528, filed on Feb. 14, 2014,in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, and entitled: “OrganicLight-Emitting Device,” is incorporated by reference herein in itsentirety.

BACKGROUND

1. Field

One or more embodiments relate to an organic light-emitting device.

2. Description of the Related Art

Organic light-emitting devices are self-emitting devices that haveadvantages such as a wide viewing angle, excellent contrast, quickresponse, high luminance, and excellent driving voltage, and that mayprovide multicolored images.

The organic light-emitting device may have a structure including a firstelectrode disposed on a substrate, and a hole transport region, anemission layer, an electron transport region, and a second electrodethat are sequentially disposed on the first electrode. Holes injectedfrom the first electrode pass through the hole transport region andmoves to the emission layer, and electrons injected from the secondelectrode pass through the electron transport region and moves to theemission layer. Carriers, such as the holes or electrons, recombine inthe emission layer to generate excitons. When the excitons drop from anexcited state to a ground state, light is emitted.

SUMMARY

Embodiments are directed to an organic light-emitting device (OLED) thatincludes a first electrode; a second electrode facing the firstelectrode; an emission layer (EML) between the first electrode and thesecond electrode; a hole transport region between the first electrodeand the EML; an electron transport region between the EML and the secondelectrode; and an interlayer between the EML and the hole transportregion, wherein the interlayer includes an amine-based compoundrepresented by Formula 1 or 2:

wherein, in Formulae 1 and 2,

Z₁₁ is N or C(R₁₁), Z₁₂ is N or C(R₁₂), Z₁₃ is N or C(R₁₃), Z₁₄ is N orC(R₁₄), Z₁₅ is N or C(R₁₅), Z₁₆ is N or C(R₁₆), Z₁₇ is N or C(R₁₇), Z₁₈is N or C(R₁₈), Z₁₉ is N or C(R₁₉), Z₂₀ is N or C(R₂₀), Z₂₁ is N orC(R₂₁), Z₂₂ is N or C(R₂₂), Z₂₃ is N or C(R₂₃), and Z₂₄ is N or C(R₂₄);

Ar₁ and Ar₂ are each independently selected from a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted monovalentnon-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group;

R₁ and R₂ are each independently selected from a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedmonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a substituted orunsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group;

R₃, R₄, and R₁₁ to R₂₄ are each independently selected from a hydrogen,a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedmonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted orunsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group,—N(Q₁)(Q₁), —Si(Q₃)(Q₄)(Q₅), and —B(Q₆)(Q₇);

p and q are each independently an integer of 1 to 4;

at least one substituent of the substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group,substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group,substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group,substituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, substituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, substituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group,substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group,substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, substituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group,substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, andsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group isselected from,

a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, aC₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, and C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group,and a C₆₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one of adeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group,a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, aC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromaticheterocondensed polycyclic group, —N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂), —Si(Q₁₃)(Q₁₄)(Q₁₅), and—B(Q₁₆)(Q₁₇);

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₂-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,and a monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group;

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₂-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,and a monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group, eachsubstituted with at least one of a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynylgroup, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, aC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromaticheterocondensed polycyclic group, —N(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂), —Si(Q₂₃)(Q₂₄)(Q₂₅), and—B(Q₂₆)(Q₂₇); and

—N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —Si(Q₃₃)(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅), and —B(Q₃₆)(Q₃₇);

Q₁ to Q₇, Q₁₁ to Q₁₇, Q₂₁ to Q₂₇, and Q₃₁ to Q₃₇ are each independentlyselected from, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, aC₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₂-C₆₀ heteroarylgroup, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and amonovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group.

Embodiments are also directed to an OLED that includes a substrateincluding a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel, and a third sub-pixel;a plurality of first electrodes arranged according to the firstsub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel of thesubstrate; a second electrode facing the first electrodes; an EMLincluding a first EML that is disposed between the first electrode ofthe first sub-pixel and the second electrode and emits blue light, asecond EML that is disposed between the first electrode of the secondsub-pixel and the second electrode and emits green light, and a thirdEML that is disposed between the first electrode of the third sub-pixeland the second electrode and emits red light; a hole transport regiondisposed between the first electrode and the EML; and an electrontransport region disposed between the EML and the second electrode,wherein the OLED includes at least one of i) a first interlayer that isdisposed on the first sub-pixel between the first EML and the holetransport region and includes an amine-based compound represented byFormula 1 or 2 and ii) a third interlayer that is disposed on the thirdsub-pixel between the third EML and the hole transport region andincludes the amine-based compound represented by Formula 1 or 2.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Features will become apparent to those of skill in the art by describingin detail exemplary embodiments with reference to the attached drawingsin which:

FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic view of an organic light-emitting device(OLED) according to an embodiment;

FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic view of a full-color OLED according to anembodiment;

FIG. 3 illustrates a time-luminance graph of OLEDs 1 to 4 prepared inExamples 1 to 4; and

FIG. 4 illustrates a voltage-current density graph of HOD 1 and HOD 2prepared in Evaluation Example 2.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Example embodiments will now be described more fully hereinafter withreference to the accompanying drawings; however, they may be embodied indifferent forms and should not be construed as limited to theembodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided sothat this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fullyconvey exemplary implementations to those skilled in the art.

In the drawing figures, the dimensions of layers and regions may beexaggerated for clarity of illustration. Like reference numerals referto like elements throughout. Expressions such as “at least one of,” whenpreceding a list of elements, modify the entire list of elements and donot modify the individual elements of the list.

FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic view of an organic light-emitting device(OLED) 10 according to an embodiment.

A substrate may be additionally disposed on a lower part of a firstelectrode 3 or an upper part of a second electrode 19 of the OLED 10shown in FIG. 1. The substrate may be a glass substrate or a transparentplastic substrate having excellent mechanical strength, thermalstability, transparency, surface smoothness, ease of handling, andwaterproofness.

The first electrode 3 may be formed by applying a first electrodematerial on the substrate by deposition or sputtering. When the firstelectrode 3 is an anode, the first electrode material may be selectedfrom materials having a high work function so that holes may be easilyinjected. The first electrode 3 may be a reflective electrode, asemi-transparent electrode, or a transparent electrode. Examples of thefirst electrode material may include indium-tin oxide (ITO),indium-zinc-oxide (IZO), tin oxide (SnO₂), and zinc oxide (ZnO). Also,at least one of magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al—Li),calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg—In), and magnesium-silver (Mg—Ag) maybe selected as the first electrode material to form the first electrode3 as a semi-transparent electrode or a reflective electrode.

The first electrode 3 may have a single-layered structure or amulti-layered structure including at least two layers. For example, thefirst electrode 3 may have a three-layered structure, e.g., ITO/Ag/ITO.

A hole transport region 7, an interlayer 14, an emission layer (EML) 13,and an electron transport region 16 may be sequentially stacked on thefirst electrode 3.

The hole transport region 7 may include at least one of a hole injectionlayer (HIL), a hole transport layer (HTL), a buffer layer, and anelectron blocking layer (EBL), and the electron transport region 16 mayinclude at least one of a hole blocking layer (HBL), an electrontransport layer (ETL), and an electron injection layer (EIL) asexamples.

The hole transport region 7 may have a structure of a single layerformed of one material, a single layer formed of multiple differentmaterials, or multiple layers formed of multiple different materials.

For example, the hole transport region 7 may have a structure of asingle layer formed of multiple different materials or a structure ofHIL/HTL, HIL/HTL/buffer layer, HIL/buffer layer, HTL/buffer layer, orHIL/HTL/EBL sequentially stacked on the first electrode 3.

When the hole transport region 7 includes the HIL, the HIL may be formedon the first electrode 3 by using various methods such as vacuumdeposition, spin coating, casting, Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) deposition,inkjet printing, laser printing, or laser induced thermal imaging(LITI).

When the HIL is formed by vacuum deposition, the deposition conditionsmay be selected from ranges of, for example, a deposition temperature ofabout 100 to about 500° C., a degree of vacuum of about 10⁻⁸ to about10⁻³ torr, and a deposition speed of about 0.01 to about 100 Å/sec inconsideration of a desired compound for the HIL and a desired structureof the HIL.

When the HIL is formed by spin coating, the deposition conditions may beselected from ranges of, for example, a coating speed of about 2,000 rpmto about 5,000 rpm and a heat treatment temperature of about 80° C. toabout 200° C. in consideration of a desired compound for the HIL and adesired structure of the HIL.

When the hole transport region 7 includes the HTL, the HTL may be formedon the first electrode 3 or on the HIL by using various methods such asvacuum deposition, spin coating, casting, LB deposition, inkjetprinting, laser printing, or LITI. When the HTL is formed by vacuumdeposition and spin coating, the deposition conditions and the coatingconditions of the HTL may be referred to the de deposition conditionsand the coating conditions of the HIL.

The hole transport region 7 may include at least one of m-MTDATA, TDATA,2-TNATA, NPB, 13-NPB, TPD, Spiro-TPD, Spiro-NPB, α-NPB, TAPC, HMTPD,4,4′,4″-tris(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine) (TCTA),polyaniline/Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (Pani/DBSA),poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT/PSS),polyaniline/camphor sulfonicacid (Pani/CSA),polyaniline)/poly(4-styrenesulfonate (PANI/PSS), a compound representedby Formula 201, and a compound represented by Formula 202:

In Formulae 201 and 202,

L₂₀₁ to L₂₀₅ are each independently selected from a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroarylenegroup, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted divalentnon-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group;

xa1 to xa4 each denotes an integer of 0, 1, 2, or 3;

xa5 denotes an integer of 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5; and

R₂₀₁ to R₂₀₅ may be defined in the same manner as R₃.

The compound represented by Formula 201 may be represented by Formula201A below:

For example, the compound represented by Formula 201 may be representedby Formula 201A-1:

For example, the compound represented by Formula 202 may be representedby Formula 202A:

In Formulae 201A, 201A-1, and 202A,

L₂₀₁ to L₂₀₃, xa1 to xa3, xa5, and R₂₀₂ to R₂₀₄ may be as defined above,R₂₁₁ may be defined in the same manner as R₂₀₃, R₂₁₃ to R₂₁₆ may be eachindependently selected from a hydrogen, a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynylgroup, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, aC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a monovalent non-aromaticheterocondensed polycyclic group.

For example, in Formula 201A, 201A-1, and 202A,

L₂₀₁ to L₂₀₃ are each independently selected from,

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-fluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, a pyridinylene group, apyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, a pyridazinylene group, aquinolinylene group, an isoquinolinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group,a quinazolinylene group, a carbazolylene group, and a triazinylenegroup; and

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-fluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, a pyridinylene group, apyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, a pyridazinylene group, aquinolinylene group, an isoquinolinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group,a quinazolinylene group, a carbazolylene group, and a triazinylenegroup, each substituted with at least one selected from a deuterium, —F,—Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an aminogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, acarboxylic acid or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxygroup, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group,a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, achrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group,a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and atriazinyl group;

xa1 to xa3 is each independently 0 or 1;

R₂₀₃, R₂₀₄, R₂₀₅, R₂₁₁, and R₂₁₂ are each independently selected from,

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a Spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group,a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group; and

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, apyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and atriazinyl group, each substituted with at least one selected from adeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, aC₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group,a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group;

R₂₁₃ and R₂₁₄ are each independently selected from,

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with atleast one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group,a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof,a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof,a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group,a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group;

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group,a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group; and

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group,a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br,—I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidor a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidor a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenylgroup, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group,an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, aquinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group;

R₂₁₅ and R₂₁₆ are each independently selected from,

a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, anda C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with atleast one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group,a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof,a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof,a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group,a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group;

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group,a quinazolinyl group, and a triazinyl group; and

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group,a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br,—I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidor a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidor a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenylgroup, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group,an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, aquinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group;

xa5 is 1 or 2.

In Formulae 201A and 201A-1, R₂₁₃ and R₂₁₄ may link to each other andform a saturated or unsaturated ring.

The compound represented by Formula 201 and the compound represented byFormula 202 may include Compounds HT1 to HT20 below, as examples:

A thickness of the hole transport region 7 may be in a range of about100 Å to about 10,000 Å, for example, about 100 Å to about 1,000 Å. Whenthe hole transport region 7 includes both the HIL and the HTL, athickness of the HIL may be in a range of about 100 Å to about 10,000 Å,for example, about 100 Å to about 1,000 Å, and a thickness of the HTLmay be in a range of about 50 Å to about 2,000 Å, for example, about 100Å to about 1,500 Å. When thicknesses of the hole transport region 7, theHIL, and the HTL are within these ranges, hole transporting propertiesmay be satisfactory without substantial increase in driving voltage.

The hole transport region 7 may further include a charge-generatingmaterial in addition to the materials above to improve conductivity. Thecharge-generating material may be homogenously or unhomogenouslydispersed in the hole transport region 7.

The charge-generating material may be, for example, a p-dopant. Thep-dopant may be one of a quinone derivative, a metal oxide, and a cyanogroup-containing compound, as examples. Examples of the p-dopant mayinclude a quinone derivative, such as a tetracyanoquinonedimethane(TCNQ) and 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-tetracyano-1,4-benzoquinondimethane(F4-TCNQ); a metal oxide, such as a tungsten oxide or a molybden oxide;and Compound HT-D1 below:

The hole transport region 7 may further include at least one of a bufferlayer or an EBL in addition to the HIL and the HTL. The buffer layer mayincrease light-emitting efficiency by compensating an optical resonancedistance according the wavelength of light emitted from the EML 13. Thebuffer layer may include a material that may be included in the holetransport region 7. The EBL may block injection of electrons from theelectron transport region 7.

An amine-based compound represented by Formula 1 or 2, which will bedescribed below, is not included in the hole transport region 7. Thatis, examples of the compound represented by Formula 201 do not includethe amine-based compound represented by Formula 1 or 2.

The interlayer 14 is formed on the hole transport region 7.

The interlayer 14 may include an amine-based compound represented byFormula 1 or 2:

In Formulae 1 and 2, Z₁₁ is N or C(R₁₁), Z₁₂ is N or C(R₁₂), Z₁₃ is N orC(R₁₃), Z₁₄ is N or C(R₁₄), Z₁₅ is N or C(R₁₅), Z₁₆ is N or C(R₁₆), Z₁₇is N or C(R₁₇), Z₁₈ is N or C(R₁₈), Z₁₉ is N or C(R₁₉), Z₂₀ is N orC(R₂₀), Z₂₁ is N or C(R₂₁), Z₂₂ is N or C(R₂₂), Z₂₃ is N or C(R₂₃), andZ₂₄ is N or C(R₂₄).

For example, in Formulae 1 and 2, Z₁₁ may be C(R₁₁), Z₁₂ may be C(R₁₂),Z₁₃ may be C(R₁₃), Z₁₄ may be C(R₁₄), Z₁₅ may be C(R₁₅), Z₁₆ may beC(R₁₆), Z₁₇ may be C(R₁₇), Z₁₈ may be C(R₁₈), Z₁₉ may be C(R₁₉), Z₂₀ maybe C(R₂₀), Z₂₁ may be C(R₂₁), Z₂₂ may be C(R₂₂), Z₂₃ may be C(R₂₃), andZ₂₄ may be C(R₂₄).

In Formulae 1 and 2, Ar₁ and Ar₂ may be each independently selected froma substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted monovalentnon-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group.

In Formulae 1 and 2, Ar₁ and Ar₂ may be each independently selectedfrom,

a phenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group,an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphtylgroup, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, atriphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenylgroup, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, ahexacenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolylgroup, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, apyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, an indazolylgroup, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, aphthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, aphenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, aphenazinyl group, a benzooxazolyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, afuranyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a thiophenyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, abenzothiazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, atriazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinylgroup, a benzooxazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adibenzothiophenyl group, and a benzocarbazolyl group; and

a phenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group,an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphtylgroup, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, atriphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenylgroup, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, ahexacenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolylgroup, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, apyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, an indazolylgroup, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, aphthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, aphenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, aphenazinyl group, a benzooxazolyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, afuranyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a thiophenyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, abenzothiazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, atriazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinylgroup, a benzooxazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adibenzothiophenyl group, and a benzocarbazolyl group, each substitutedwith at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a C₆-C₂₀ arylgroup, a C₂-C₂₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and a monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensedpolycyclic group.

In some embodiments, in Formulae 1 and 2, Ar₁ and Ar₂ may be eachindependently selected from,

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenylgroup, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, a quinolinyl group, abenzoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group; and

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenylgroup, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, a quinolinyl group, abenzoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br,—I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidor a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidor a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenylgroup, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, atriphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, anisoindolyl group, an indolyl group, a quinolinyl group, abenzoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group.

In some embodiments, in Formulae 1 and 2, Ar₁ and Ar₂ may be eachindependently one of groups represented by Formulae 3-1 to 3-20, asexamples:

In Formulae 3-1 to 3-20, * denotes a binding site with N in Formula 1.

In Formulae 1 and 2, R₁ and R₂ may be each independently selected from asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxygroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted orunsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and asubstituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensedpolycyclic group.

In Formulae 1 and 2, R₁ and R₂ may be each independently selected from,

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group;

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group substituted with at least one selected from adeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a phenyl group, a naphthylgroup, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenylgroup, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, apyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolylgroup, an indolyl group, a quinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group;

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenylgroup, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, a quinolinyl group, abenzoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group; and

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenylgroup, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, a quinolinyl group, abenzoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br,—I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidor a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidor a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenylgroup, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, atriphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, anisoindolyl group, an indolyl group, a quinolinyl group, abenzoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group.

For example, in Formulae 1 and 2, R₁ and R₂ may be each independentlyselected from a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butylgroup, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group, and groupsrepresented by Formulae 3-1 to 3-20.

In Formulae 1 and 2, R₃, R₄, and R₁₁ to R₂₄ may be each independentlyselected from a hydrogen, a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof,a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof,a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxygroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted orunsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, asubstituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensedpolycyclic group, —N(Q₁)(Q₁), —Si(Q₃)(Q₄)(Q₅), and —B(Q₆)(Q₇).

For example, in Formulae 1 and 2, R₃, R₄, and R₁₁ to R₂₄ may be eachindependently selected from,

a hydrogen, a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazinegroup, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof,and a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group;

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group substituted with at least one selected from adeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a phenyl group, a naphthylgroup, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenylgroup, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, apyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolylgroup, an indolyl group, a quinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group;

a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a phenyl group, a naphthylgroup, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenylgroup, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, apyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolylgroup, an indolyl group, a quinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group; and

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a Spiro-fluorenylgroup, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenylgroup, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, a quinolinyl group, abenzoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br,—I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidor a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidor a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenylgroup, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, atriphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, anisoindolyl group, an indolyl group, a quinolinyl group, abenzoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group.

In some embodiments, in Formulae 1 and 2, R₃, R₄, and R₁₁ to R₂₄ may beeach independently selected from a hydrogen, a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br,—I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidor a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidor a salt thereof, and a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group.

In some embodiments, in Formulae 1 and 2, R₃, R₄, and R₁₁ to R₂₄ may beeach independently selected from a hydrogen, a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br,—I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidor a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidor a salt thereof, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, abutyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group, and thegroups represented by Formulae 3-1 to 3-20.

In Formulae 1 and 2, p and q may be each independently an integer of 1to 4. For example, in Formulae 1 and 2, p and q may be eachindependently an integer of 1 or 2.

The amine-based compound represented by Formula 1 or 2 may berepresented by Formula 1A or 2A:

In Formulae 1A and 2A, descriptions of the substituents are referred tothe descriptions in the present specification.

For example, the amine-based compound represented by Formula 1 or 2 maybe represented by Formula 1A or 2A, and in Formulae 1A and 2A,

Ar₁ and Ar₂ are each independently a group represented by Formulae 3-1to 3-20;

R₁ and R₂ are each independently a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group or one of thegroups represented by Formulae 3-1 to 3-20;

R₃, R₄, and R₁₁ to R₂₄ are each independently a hydrogen, a deuterium,—F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, anamino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, acarboxylic acid or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, or one of thegroups represented by Formulae 3-1 to 3-20;

p and q may be each independently an integer of 1 to 4.

In Formulae 1 and 2, R₃, R₄, and R₁₁ to R₂₄ may be a hydrogen.

The amine-based compound represented by Formula 1 or 2 may be one ofCompounds 1 to 96, as examples:

The interlayer 14 may include the amine-based compound represented byFormula 1 or 2. Accordingly, the charges in the EML may be balanced.Efficiency, power, and life characteristics of the OLED 10 may beimproved.

A thickness of the interlayer 14 may be in a range of about 5 Å to about1,000 Å, for example, about 5 Å to about 100 Å. When a thickness of theinterlayer 14 is within this range, effective charge balance may beachieved between the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 19without substantial increase in driving voltage.

The EML 13 may be formed on the interlayer 14 by using various methodssuch as vacuum deposition, spin coating, casting, LB deposition, inkjetprinting, laser printing, or LITI. When the EML 13 is formed by vacuumdeposition and spin coating, the deposition conditions and the coatingconditions of the EML 13 may be referred to the deposition conditionsand the coating conditions of the HIL.

The EML 13 may be a blue EML emitting blue light or a red EML emittingred light.

The EML 13 may include a host and a dopant.

The host may include at least one of TPBi, TBADN, AND (also referred toas “DNA”), CBP, CDBP, and TCP:

Also, the host may include a compound represented by Formula 301.

Ar₃₀₁-[(L₃₀₁)_(xb1)-R₃₀₁]_(xb2)  <Formula 301>

In Formula 301,

Ar₃₀₁ may be selected from,

a naphthalene, a heptalene, a fluorene, a spiro-fluorene, abenzofluorene, a dibenzofluorene, a phenalene, a phenanthrene, ananthracene, a fluoranthene, a triphenylene, a pyrene, a chrysene, anaphthacene, a picene, a perylene, a pentaphene, and anindenoanthracene; and

a naphthalene, a heptalene, a fluorene, a spiro-fluorene, abenzofluorene, a dibenzofluorene, a phenalene, a phenanthrene, ananthracene, a fluoranthene, a triphenylene, a pyrene, a chrysene, anaphthacene, a picene, a perylene, a pentaphene, and anindenoanthracene, each substituted with at least one of a deuterium, —F,—Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an aminogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, acarboxylic acid or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylgroup, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, amonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalentnon-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group, and —Si(Q₃₀₁)(Q₃₀₂)(Q₃₀₃)(here, Q₃₀₁ to Q₃₀₃ are each independently selected from a hydrogen, aC₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, aC₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclicgroup, and a monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group);

description of L₃₀₁ may be referred to the description of L₂₀₁ of thepresent specification;

R₃₀₁ may be selected from,

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with atleast one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group,a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof,a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof,a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group,a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group;

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group,a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group; and

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group,a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br,—I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidor a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidor a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenylgroup, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a Spiro-fluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group,an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, aquinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group;

xb1 is selected from 0, 1, 2, and 3; and

xb2 is selected from 1, 2, 3, and 4.

For example, in Formula 301,

L₃₀₁ may be selected from,

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-fluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a pyrenylene group, and a chrysenylene group; and

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-fluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a pyrenylene group, and a chrysenylene group, each substitutedwith at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, anaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group,an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, and a chrysenyl group;

R₃₀₁ may be selected from,

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with atleast one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group,a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof,a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof,a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a Spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, and a chrysenyl group;

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, and a chrysenyl group; and

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, and a chrysenyl group,each substituted with at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl,—Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group,an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylicacid or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoricacid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, aphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, and a chrysenyl group, asexamples.

For example, the host may include a compound represented by Formula301A:

In Formula 301A, descriptions of the substituents may be referred to thedescriptions in the present specification.

The compound represented by Formula 301A may include at least one ofCompounds H1 to H42, as examples:

Also, the host may include at least one of Compounds H43 to H49, asexamples:

The dopant may include at least one of a fluorescent dopant and aphosphorescent dopant.

The phosphorescent dopant may include an organic metal complexrepresented by Formula 401:

In Formula 401,

M may be selected from iridium (Ir), platinum (Pt), osmium (Os),titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), europium (Eu), terbium(Tb), and thulium (Tm);

X₄₀₁ to X₄₀₄ may each independently be a nitrogen atom or a carbon atom;

rings A₄₀₁ and A₄₀₂ may each independently be selected from asubstituted or unsubstituted a benzene, a substituted or unsubstituted anaphthalene, a substituted or unsubstituted a fluorene, a substituted orunsubstituted a spiro-fluorene, a substituted or unsubstituted indene, asubstituted or unsubstituted pyrrole, a substituted or unsubstitutedthiophene, a substituted or unsubstituted furan, a substituted orunsubstituted imidazole, a substituted or unsubstituted pyrazole, asubstituted or unsubstituted thiazole, a substituted or unsubstitutedisothiazole, a substituted or unsubstituted oxazole, a substituted orunsubstituted isooxazole, a substituted or unsubstituted pyridine, asubstituted or unsubstituted pyrazine, a substituted or unsubstitutedpyrimidine, a substituted or unsubstituted pyridazine, a substituted orunsubstituted quinoline, a substituted or unsubstituted isoquinoline, asubstituted or unsubstituted benzoquinoline, a substituted orunsubstituted quinoxaline, a substituted or unsubstituted quinazoline, asubstituted or unsubstituted carbazole, a substituted or unsubstitutedbenzoimidazole, a substituted or unsubstituted benzofuran, a substitutedor unsubstituted benzothiophene, a substituted or unsubstitutedisobenzothiophene, a substituted or unsubstituted benzooxazole, asubstituted or unsubstituted isobenzooxazole, a substituted orunsubstituted triazole, a substituted or unsubstituted oxadiazole, asubstituted or unsubstituted triazine, a substituted or unsubstituteddibenzofuran, and a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzothiophene;

at least one substituent of the substituted a benzene, substituted anaphthalene, substituted a fluorene, substituted a spiro-fluorene,substituted indene, substituted pyrrole, substituted thiophene,substituted furan, substituted imidazole, substituted pyrazole,substituted thiazole, substituted isothiazole, substituted oxazole,substituted isooxazole, substituted pyridine, substituted pyrazine,substituted pyrimidine, substituted pyridazine, substituted quinoline,substituted isoquinoline, substituted benzoquinoline, substitutedquinoxaline, substituted quinazoline, substituted carbazole, substitutedbenzoimidazole, substituted benzofuran, substituted benzothiophene,substituted isobenzothiophene, substituted benzooxazole, substitutedisobenzooxazole, substituted triazole, substituted oxadiazole,substituted triazine, substituted dibenzofuran, and substituteddibenzothiophene is selected from,

a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, aC₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, and a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group,and a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one of adeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group,a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, aC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromaticheterocondensed polycyclic group, —N(Q₄₀₁)(Q₄₀₂), —Si(Q₄₀₃)(Q₄₀₄)(Q₄₀₅),and —B(Q₄₀₆)(Q₄₀₇);

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₂-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,and a monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group;

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₂-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,and a monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group, eachsubstituted with at least one of a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynylgroup, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, aC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromaticheterocondensed polycyclic group, —N(Q₄₁₁)(Q₄₁₂), —Si(Q₄₁₃)(Q₄₁₄)(Q₄₁₅),and —B(Q₄₁₆)(Q₄₁₇); and

—N(Q₄₂₁)(Q₄₂₂), —Si(Q₄₂₃)(Q₄₂₄)(Q₄₂₅), and —B(Q₄₂₆)(Q₄₂₇);

L₄₀₁ is an organic ligand;

xc1 is an integer of 1, 2, or 3; and

xc2 is an integer of 0, 1, 2, or 3;

L₄₀₁ may be a monovalent, divalent, or trivalent organic ligand. Forexample,

L₄₀₁ may be selected from a halogen ligand (e.g., Cl or F), a diketoneligand (e.g., acetylacetonate, 1,3-diphenyl-1,3-propanedionate,2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionate, or hexafluoroacetonate), acarboxylic acid ligand (e.g., picolinate,dimethyl-3-pyrazolecarboxylate, or benzoate), a carbon monoxide ligand,an isonitrile ligand, a cyano ligand, and a phosphorus ligand (e.g.,phosphine or phosphite).

In Formula 401, when A₄₀₁ has at least two substituents, the at leasttwo substituents of A₄₀₁ may link to each other and form a saturated orunsaturated ring.

In Formula 401, when A₄₀₂ has at least two substituents, the at leasttwo substituents of A₄₀₂ may link to each other and form a saturated orunsaturated ring.

In Formula 401, when xc1 is 2 or greater, a plurality of ligands, may beidentical to or different from each other. In Formula 401, when xc1 is 2or greater, A₄₀₁ and A₄₀₂ may be linked to each other by directlylinking to another neighboring ligand of A₄₀₁ and A₄₀₂ or with aconnection group (e.g., a C₁-C₅ alkylene group, —N(R′)—(here, R′ isC₁-C₁₀ alkyl group or a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group), or —C(═O)—) therebetween.

In one embodiment, the phosphorescent dopant may be selected fromCompounds PD1 to PD74 below, as examples:

Also, the phosphorescent dopant may include PtOEP below:

The fluorescent dopant may include at least one of DPAVBi, BDAVBi, TBPe,DCM, DCJTB, Coumarin 6, and C545T below:

Also, the fluorescent dopant may include a compound represented byFormula 501 below:

In Formula 501,

Ar₅₀₁ is selected from,

a naphthalene, a heptalene, a fluorene, a spiro-fluorene, abenzofluorene, a dibenzofluorene, a phenalene, a phenanthrene, ananthracene, a fluoranthene, a triphenylene, a pyrene, a chrysene, anaphthacene, a picene, a perylene group, a pentaphene, and anindenoanthracene;

a naphthalene, a heptalene, a fluorene, a Spiro-fluorene, abenzofluorene, a dibenzofluorene, a phenalene, a phenanthrene, ananthracene, a fluoranthene, a triphenylene, a pyrene, a chrysene, anaphthacene, a picene, a perylene, a pentaphene, and anindenoanthracene, each substituted with at least one selected from adeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, aC₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, aC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₂-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,a monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group, and—Si(Q₅₀₁)(Q₅₀₂)(Q₅₀₃) (here, Q₅₀₁ to Q₅₀₃ are each independentlyselected from a hydrogen, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group,a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a monovalent non-aromaticheterocondensed polycyclic group);

the descriptions of L₅₀₁ to L₅₀₃ are as defined in the description ofL₂₀₁;

R₅₀₁ and R₅₀₂ are each independently selected from,

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a Spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group,a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a triazinyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group;

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group,a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a triazinyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group, each substitutedwith at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, anaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group,an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, aquinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a triazinyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group;

xd1 to xd3 are each independently selected from 0, 1, 2, and 3;

xb4 is selected from 1, 2, 3, and 4.

The fluorescent host may include at least one of Compounds FD1 to FD8:

An amount of the dopant in the EML 13 may be generally within a range ofabout 0.01 parts to about 15 parts by weight based on about 100 parts byweight of a host, as an example.

A thickness of the EML 13 may be in a range of about 100 Å to about1,000 Å, for example, about 200 Å to about 600 Å. When a thickness ofthe EML 13 is within this range, light-emitting properties may beexcellent without substantial increase in driving voltage.

Next, the electron transport region 16 may be disposed on the EML 13.

The electron transport region 16 may include at least one of a HBL, anETL, and an EIL, as examples.

For example, the electron transport region 16 may have a structure ofETL/EIL or EBL/ETL/EIL sequentially stacked on the EML 13.

The electron transport region 16 may include the HBL. The HBL may beformed to prevent triplet excitons or holes from being diffused to theETL, when the EML 13 uses a phosphorescent dopant.

When the electron transport region 16 includes the HBL, the HBL may beformed on the EML 13 by using various methods such as vacuum deposition,spin coating, casting, LB deposition, inkjet printing, laser printing,or LITI. When the HBL is formed by as vacuum deposition and spincoating, the deposition conditions and the coating conditions of the HBLmay be referred to the de deposition conditions and the coatingconditions of the HIL.

The HBL may include, for example, at least one of BCP and Bphen below:

A thickness of the HBL may be in a range of about 20 Å to about 1,000 Å,for example, about 30 Å to about 300 Å. When a thickness of the HBL iswithin this range, hole blocking properties may be excellent withoutsubstantial increase in driving voltage.

The electron transport region 16 may include the ETL. The ETL may beformed on the EML 13 or the HBL by using various methods such as vacuumdeposition, spin coating, casting, LB deposition, inkjet printing, laserprinting, or LITI. When ETL is formed by vacuum deposition and spincoating, the deposition conditions and the coating conditions of the ETLmay be referred to the de deposition conditions and the coatingconditions of the HIL.

The ETL may further include at least one of BCP and Bphen above andAlq₃, Balq, TAZ, and NTAZ below:

Also, the ETL may include at least one compound represented by Formula601:

Ar₆₀₁-[(L₆₀₁)_(xe1)-E₆₀₁]_(xe2)  <Formula 601>

In Formula 601,

Ar₆₀₁ may be selected from,

a naphthalene, a heptalene, a fluorene, a Spiro-fluorene, abenzofluorene, a dibenzofluorene, a phenalene, a phenanthrene, ananthracene, a fluoranthene, a triphenylene, a pyrene, a chrysene, anaphthacene, a picene, a perylene, a pentaphene, and anindenoanthracene; and

a naphthalene, a heptalene, a fluorene, a spiro-fluorene, abenzofluorene, a dibenzofluorene, a phenalene, a phenanthrene, ananthracene, a fluoranthene, a triphenylene, a pyrene, a chrysene, anaphthacene, a picene, a perylene, a pentaphene, and anindenoanthracene, each substituted with at least one selected from adeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, aC₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, aC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₂-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,a monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group, and—Si(Q₃₀₁)(Q₃₀₂)(Q₃₀₃) (here, Q₃₀₁ to Q₃₀₃ are each independentlyselected from a hydrogen, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group,a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a monovalent non-aromaticheterocondensed polycyclic group);

the description of L₆₀₁ is as defined in the description of L₂₀₁;

E₆₀₁ may be selected from,

a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolylgroup, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, anoxazolyl group, an isooxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, anindolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group,an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, anaphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, anacridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, abenzoimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, anisobenzothiazolyl group, a benzooxazolyl group, an isobenzooxazolylgroup, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, atriazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, abenzocarbazolyl group, and a dibenzocarbazolyl group; and

a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolylgroup, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, anoxazolyl group, an isooxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, anindolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group,an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, anaphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, anacridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, abenzoimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group,isoa benzothiazolyl group, a benzooxazolyl group, an isobenzooxazolylgroup, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, atriazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, abenzocarbazolyl group, and a dibenzocarbazolyl group, each substitutedwith at least one of a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, acyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof,a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, apentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group,a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphtyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group,a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenylgroup, a rubicenyl group, a coroneryl group, an ovalenyl group, apyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolylgroup, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, anoxazolyl group, an isooxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, anindolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group,an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, anaphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, anacridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, abenzoimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group,isoa benzothiazolyl group, a benzooxazolyl group, an isobenzooxazolylgroup, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, atriazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, abenzocarbazolyl group, and a dibenzocarbazolyl group;

xe1 is selected from 0, 1, 2, and 3;

Also, the ETL may include at least one of compounds represented byFormula 602 below:

In Formula 602,

X₆₁₁ is N or C-(L₆₁₁)_(xe611)-R₆₁₁, X₆₁₂ is N or C-(L₆₁₂)_(xe612)-R₆₁₂,X₆₁₃ is N or C-(L₆₁₃)_(xe613)-R₆₁₃, and at least one of X₆₁₁ to X₆₁₃ isN;

each of descriptions of L₆₁₁ to L₆₁₆ are as defined in the descriptionof L₂₀₁ in the present specification;

R₆₁₁ to R₆₁₆ are each independently selected from,

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group,a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group; and

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group,a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group, eachsubstituted with at least one of a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, anaphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group,a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group;

xe611 to xe616 are each independently selected from 0, 1, 2, and 3.

The compound represented by Formula 601 and the compound represented byFormula 602 may include at least one of Compounds ET1 to ET15:

A thickness of the ETL may be in a range of about 100 Å to about 1,000Å, for example, about 150 Å to about 500 Å. When a thickness of the ETLis within this range, electron transporting properties may be excellentwithout substantial increase in driving voltage.

The ETL may further include a metal-containing material in addition tothe materials above.

The metal-containing material may include a Li-complex. The Li-complexmay include, for example, Compound ET-D1 (lithium quinolate (LiQ)) orET-D2:

The electron transport region 16 may include the EIL that facilitatesinjection of electrons from the second electrode 19.

The EIL may be formed on the ETL by using various methods such as vacuumdeposition, spin coating, casting, LB deposition, inkjet printing, laserprinting, or LITI. When EIL is formed by vacuum deposition and spincoating, the deposition conditions and the coating conditions of the EILmay be referred to the de deposition conditions and the coatingconditions of the HIL.

The EIL may include at least one selected from LiF, NaCl, CsF, Li₂O,BaO, and LiQ.

A thickness of the EIL may be in a range of about 1 Å to about 100 Å,for example, about 3 Å to about 90 Å. When a thickness of the EIL iswithin this range, electron injecting properties may be excellentwithout substantial increase in driving voltage.

The second electrode 19 may be disposed on the electron transport region16. The second electrode 19 may be a cathode, which is an electroninjection electrode. In this regard, a metal for forming the secondelectrode 19 may include a metal, an alloy, an electric conductingcompound, and a mixture thereof having a low work function. The secondelectrode 19 may be formed as a thin film by using lithium (Li),magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al—Li), calcium (Ca),magnesium-indium (Mg—In), or magnesium-silver (Mg—Ag). Also, ITO or IZOmay be used as metal for forming the second electrode 19. The secondelectrode 19 may be a reflective electrode, a semitransparent electrode,or a transparent electrode.

In some embodiments, the hole transport region 7 may include at leastone of Compounds HT1 to HT20, and the interlayer 14 may include at leastone of Compounds 1 to 96, as examples.

FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic view of a full-color organiclight-emitting device (OLED) 100 according to an embodiment.

A substrate 101 of the OLED 100 shown in FIG. 2 may include a firstsub-pixel, a second sub-pixel, and a third pixel.

A plurality of first electrodes 103 may be patterned according to thefirst sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel. A commonlayer, i.e., a hole transport region 107, may be disposed on the firstelectrode 103.

An EML including a first EML 113-1, a second EML 113-2, and a third EML113-3 may be formed on the hole transport region 107. The first EML113-1 emitting blue light may be patterned to be disposed on the firstsub-pixel, the second EML 113-2 emitting green light may be patterned tobe disposed on the second sub-pixel, and the third EML 113-3 emittingred light may be patterned to be disposed on the third sub-pixel.

A first interlayer 114-1 pattered to be formed only on the firstsub-pixel may be disposed between the first EML 113-1 and the holetransport region 107, a second interlayer 114-2 pattered to be formedonly on the second sub-pixel may be disposed between the second EML113-2 and the hole transport region 107, and a third interlayer 114-3pattered to be formed only on the third sub-pixel may be disposedbetween the third EML 113-3 and the hole transport region 107.

Common layers, i.e., an ETL 115, an EIL 117, and a second electrode 119,may be sequentially disposed on the EML. The ETL 115 and the EIL 117 mayserve as an electron transport region.

As used herein, the term “common layer” denotes a layer that is formedover all of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the thirdsub-pixel without being patterned according to each of the sub-pixels.

In FIG. 2, a pixel insulation layer 105 may be formed on an edge part ofthe plurality of first electrodes 103. The pixel insulation layer 105may define a pixel area and may include suitable organic insulationmaterials (e.g., a silicon-based material), inorganic insulationmaterials, or organic/inorganic composite insulation materials.

In FIG. 2, descriptions of the first substrate 101, the first electrode103, the hole transport region 107, the first EML 113-1, the second EML113-2, the third EML 113-3, the ETL 117, and the second electrode 119may be as defined in the descriptions regarding the OLED 10 shown inFIG. 1.

The first interlayer 114-1 may be patterned on the first sub-pixel anddisposed between the first EML 113-1 and the hole transport region 107,the second interlayer 114-2 is patterned on the second sub-pixel anddisposed between the second EML 113-2 and the third interlayer 114-3 ispatterned on the third sub-pixel and disposed between the third EML113-3 and the hole transport region 107.

A method of forming the first interlayer 114-1, the second interlayer114-2, and the third interlayer 114-3 may be understood with referenceto a method of forming the HIL.

The first interlayer 114-1 and the third interlayer 114-3 may eachindependently include an amine-based compound represented by Formula 1or 2.

The second interlayer 114-2 does not include the amine-based compoundrepresented by Formula 1 or 2. For example, the second interlayer 114-2may include one of materials included in the hole transport region 7.

A material included in the first interlayer 114-1 and a materialincluded in the hole transport region 107 are different from each other,and a material included in the third interlayer 114-3 and the materialincluded in the hole transport region 107 are different from each other.

Materials and thickness of the first electrode 103 and the secondelectrode 119 may be selected so that the OLED 100 may have a resonantstructure. For example, when the first electrode 103 is a reflectiveelectrode and the second electrode 119 is a semitransparent electrode,the OLED 100 may be a top-emission type OLED having a resonancestructure. Also, when the first electrode 103 is a semitransparentelectrode and the second electrode 119 is a reflective electrode, theOLED 100 may be a bottom-emission type OLED having a resonancestructure.

For example, when the first electrode 103 is a reflective electrode andthe second electrode 119 is a semitransparent electrode, the OLED 100may satisfy Equations 1, 2, and 3, so that first-color light,second-color light, and third-color light may resonant between thereflective first electrode 103 and the semitransparent second electrode119:

$\begin{matrix}{{{\frac{\lambda_{1}}{2\; n_{1}} \cdot m_{1}} - \frac{\lambda_{1}}{10}} \leq L_{1} \leq {{\frac{\lambda_{1}}{2n_{1}} \cdot m_{1}} + \frac{\lambda_{1}}{10}}} & {< {{Equation}\mspace{14mu} 1} >} \\{{{\frac{\lambda_{2}}{2\; n_{2}} \cdot m_{2}} - \frac{\lambda_{2}}{10}} \leq L_{2} \leq {{\frac{\lambda_{2}}{2n_{2}} \cdot m_{2}} + \frac{\lambda_{2}}{10}}} & {< {{Equation}\mspace{14mu} 2} >} \\{{{\frac{\lambda_{3}}{2\; n_{3}} \cdot m_{3}} - \frac{\lambda_{3}}{10}} \leq L_{3} \leq {{\frac{\lambda_{3}}{2n_{3}} \cdot m_{3}} + \frac{\lambda_{3}}{10}}} & {< {{Equation}\mspace{14mu} 3} >}\end{matrix}$

In Equations 1 to 3,

L₁ is a distance between the first electrode of the first sub-pixel andthe second electrode;

L₂ is a distance between the first electrode of the second sub-pixel andthe second electrode;

L₃ is a distance between the first electrode of the third sub-pixel andthe second electrode;

λ₁, λ₂, and λ₃ are each respectively a wavelength of blue light emittedfrom the first sub-pixel, a wavelength of green light emitted from thesecond sub-pixel, and a wavelength of red light emitted from the thirdsub-pixel;

n₁ is a refractive index of layers between the first electrode and thesecond electrode of the first sub-pixel;

n₂ is a refractive index of layers between the first electrode and thesecond electrode of the second sub-pixel;

n₃ is a refractive index of layers between the first electrode and thesecond electrode of the third sub-pixel;

m₁, m₂, and m₃ are each independently a natural number.

When the OLED 100 satisfies Equations 1, 2, and 3, blue light emittedfrom the first sub-pixel, green light emitted from the second sub-pixel,and red light emitted from the third sub-pixel may be emitted extractedto the outside of the OLED 100 passing through the second electrode 119by constructive interference while resonancing between the firstelectrode 103 and the second electrode 119, and thus efficiency of theOLED 100 may improve.

In Equations 1, 2, and 3, m₁, m₂, and m₃ may be 1.

In Equations 1, 2, and 3, when m₁, m₂, and m₃ are each independently 1,a distance (D₃) between the first electrode 103 of the third sub-pixeland the third EML 113-3 may be in a range of about 400 Å to about 1000Å, for example, about 500 Å to about 900 Å, a distance (D₂) between thefirst electrode 103 of the second sub-pixel and the second EML 113-2 maybe in a range of about 300 Å to about 900 Å, for example, about 400 Å toabout 800 Å, and a distance (D₁) between the first electrode 103 of thefirst sub-pixel and the first EML 113-1 may be in a range of about 200 Åto about 800 Å, for example, about 300 Å to about 700 Å.

Also, in Equations 1, 2, and 3, m₁, m₂, and m₃ may be 2.

In Equations 1, 2, and 3, when m₁, m₂, and m₃ are each independently 2,a distance (D₃) between the first electrode 103 of the third sub-pixeland the third EML 113-3 may be in a range of about 1,600 Å to about2,300 Å, for example, about 1,700 Å to about 2100 Å, a distance (D₂)between the first electrode 103 of the second sub-pixel and the secondEML 113-2 may be in a range of about 1,300 Å to about 2,000 Å, forexample, about 1,400 Å to about 1,900 Å, and a distance (D₁) between thefirst electrode 103 of the first sub-pixel and the first EML 113-1 maybe in a range of about 900 Å to about 1,800 Å, for example, about 1,000Å to about 1,600 Å.

When D₁, D₂, and D₃ are within these ranges above, optimum constructiveinterference may occur during vibration of each of the colors. Inaddition, an OLED emits light as exitons radiate, but the exitonradiation may be considered as an electric dipole radiation. A weakmicrocavity phenomenon is a phenomenon where a damping rate of a dipolechanges due to an image dipole induced by a reflector when dipoleradiation is located at a distance below or equal to a wavelength oflight to be emitted to the reflector, thereby changing strength ofradiation. In this regard, when the distances D₁, D₂, and D₃ are withinranges above, light emitting efficiencies of blue light emitted from thefirst sub-pixel, green light emitted from the second sub-pixel, and redlight emitted from the third sub-pixel may improve by the weakmicrocavity effect. D₁, D₂, and D₃ may have a relationship of D₃>D₂=D₁.

In some embodiments, the hole transport region 107 may includes at leastone of Compounds HT1 to HT20, and at least one of the first interlayer114-1 and the third interlayer 114-3 may include at least one ofCompounds 1 to 96, as examples.

The full-color OLED has been described by referring to FIG. 2, as anexample. In other implementations, the first emission layer 113-1 may beextended to areas of the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel andmay be formed as a common layer. Also, the second interlayer 114-2 ofthe second sub-pixel may be omitted. However, the full-color OLED mayhave various forms, for example, including one of the first interlayer114-1 and the third interlayer 114-3 shown in FIG. 2.

The OLED 100 may be included in a flat display device including a thinfilm transistor. The thin film transistor may include a gate electrode,a source electrode, a drain electrode, a gate insulation layer, and anactive layer, and one of the source′ and drain electrodes may beelectrically contacted to the first electrode 103 of the OLED 100. Theactive layer may include crystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, anorganic semiconductor, an oxide semiconductor, as examples.

As used herein, examples of the C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group include a monovalentlinear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 60 carbonatoms, such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, anisobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, a pentyl group, an isoamyl group, ahexyl group, and the like. The term “substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkylene group”refers to a divalent group that has the same structure as the C₁-C₆₀alkyl group.

As used herein, the term “C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group” denotes a monovalentgroup having a formula of -OA₁₀₁ (here, A₁₀₁ is the C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group).Examples of the C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group include a methoxy group, an ethoxygroup, and an isopropyloxy group.

As used herein, the term “C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group” refers to a structureincluding at least one carbon double bond in the middle or at an end ofthe C₂-C₆₀ alkyl group. Examples of the C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group include anethenyl group, a propenyl group, and a butenyl group. As used herein,the term “C₂-C₆₀ alkenylene group” denotes a divalent group that has thesame structure as the C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group.

As used herein, the C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group has a structure including atleast one carbon triple bond in the middle or at an end of the C₂-C₆₀alkyl group. Examples of the C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group include an ethynylgroup and a propynyl group. As used herein, the term “C₂-C₆₀ alkynylenegroup” denotes a divalent group that has the same structure as theC₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group.

As used herein, the term “C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group” denotes a C₃-C₆₀monovalent hydrocarbon monocyclic group. Examples of the C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group include a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, acyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, and a cycloheptyl group. As usedherein, the term “C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group” denotes a divalent groupthat has the same structure as the C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group.

As used herein, the term “C₃-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group” denotes aC₃-C₁₀ monovalent monocyclic group including at least one hetero atom ofN, O, P, and S as a ring-forming atom. Examples of the C₃-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl group include a tetrahydrofuranyl group and atetrahydrothiophenyl group. As used herein, the term “C₃-C₁₀heterocycloalkylene group” denotes a divalent group that has the samestructure as the C₃-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group.

As used herein, the term “C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group” denotes a C₃-C₁₀monocyclic group having at least one double bond in the ring while notlosing its aromacity. Examples of the C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group includea cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, and a cycloheptenyl group. Asused herein, the term “C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylene group” denotes a divalentgroup that has the same structure as the C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group.

As used herein, the term “C₃-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group” denotes aC₃-C₁₀ monovalent monocyclic group including at least one hetero atom ofN, O, P, and S as a ring-forming atom and at least one double bond inthe ring. Examples of the C₃-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group include a2,3-hydrofuranyl group and a 2,3-hydrothiophenyl group. As used herein,the term “C₃-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenylene group” denotes a divalent groupthat has the same structure as the C₃-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group.

As used herein, the term “C₆-C₆₀ aryl group” denotes a monovalent grouphaving a C₆-C₆₀ carbocyclic aromatic system, and the term “C₆-C₆₀arylene group” denotes a divalent group that has a C₆-C₆₀ carbocyclicaromatic system. Examples of the C₆-C₆₀ aryl group include a phenylgroup, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, apyrenyl group, and a chrysenyl group. As used herein, when the C₆-C₆₀aryl group and the C₆-C₆₀ arylene group include at least two rings, therings may be fused to each other.

As used herein, the term “C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group” denotes a monovalentgroup including at least one hetero atom selected from N, O, P, and S asa ring-forming atom and having a C₂-C₆₀ carbocyclic aromatic system. Theterm “C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylene group” denotes a divalent group including atleast one hetero atom selected from N, O, P, and S as a ring-formingatom and having a C₂-C₆₀ carbocyclic aromatic system. Examples of theC₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group include a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group,a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinylgroup, and an isoquinolinyl group. When the C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group anda C₂-C₆₀ heteroarylene group include at least two rings, the rings maybe fused to each other.

As used herein, the term “C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group” denotes -OA₁₀₂ (here,A₁₀₂ is the C₆-C₆₀ aryl group), and the term “C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group”denotes -SA₁₀₃ (here, A₁₀₃ is the C₆-C₆₀ aryl group).

As used herein, the term “monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclicgroup” denotes a monovalent group having at least two rings that arecondensed to each other, including only carbon as a ring-forming atom(e.g., the number of the included carbon atoms may be 8 to 60), andhaving non-aromacity as a whole molecule. Examples of the non-aromaticcondensed polycyclic group include a fluorenyl group. As used herein,the term “divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group” denotes adivalent group that has the same structure as the monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group.

As used herein, the term: monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensedpolycyclic group” denotes a monovalent group having at least two ringsthat are condensed to each other, including a heteroatom selected fromN, O, P, and S in addition to carbon as a ring-forming atom (e.g., thenumber of the included carbon atoms included may be 2 to 60), and havingnon-aromacity as a whole molecule. Examples of the non-aromaticcondensed polycyclic group include a carbazolyl group. As used herein,the term “divalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group”denotes a divalent group that has the same structure as the monovalentnon-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group.

As used herein, at least one substituent of the substituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkylene group, substituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group,substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylene group, substituted C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkenylene group, substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylene group,substituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroarylene group, substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group,substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group,substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group,substituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, substituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, substituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group,substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group,substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, substituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group,substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, andsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group isselected from,

a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, aC₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, and a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group,and a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one of adeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a cyclopentyl group, acyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, acycloheptenyl group, a phenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenylgroup, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, anindacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group,a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, apentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenylgroup, a coroneryl group, an ovalenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, athiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolylgroup, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, anisooxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, anindazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinylgroup, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinylgroup, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, aphenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, abenzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, isoa benzothiazolyl group,a benzooxazolyl group, an isobenzooxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, atetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group,—N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂), —Si(Q₁₃)(Q₁₄)(Q₁₅), and —B(Q₁₆)(Q₁₇);

a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, acyclopentenyl group, a cycloheptenyl group, a phenyl group, a pentalenylgroup, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, aheptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphtyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group,a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenylgroup, a rubicenyl group, a coroneryl group, an ovalenyl group, apyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolylgroup, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, anoxazolyl group, an isooxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, anindolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group,an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, anaphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, anacridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, abenzoimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group,isoa benzothiazolyl group, a benzooxazolyl group, an isobenzooxazolylgroup, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, atriazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, abenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, and animidazopyridinyl group;

a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, acyclopentenyl group, a cycloheptenyl group, a phenyl group, a pentalenylgroup, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, aheptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphtyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group,a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenylgroup, a rubicenyl group, a coroneryl group, an ovalenyl group, apyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolylgroup, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, anoxazolyl group, an isooxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, anindolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group,an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, anaphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, anacridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, abenzoimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group,isoa benzothiazolyl group, a benzooxazolyl group, an isobenzooxazolylgroup, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, atriazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, abenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, and animidazopyridinyl group, each substituted with at least one of adeuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, aC₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, aphenyl group, a naphthyl group, —N(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂), —Si(Q₂₃)(Q₂₄)(Q₂₅), and—B(Q₂₆)(Q₂₇); and

—N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —Si(Q₃₃)(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅), and —B(Q₃₆)(Q₃₇);

Q₁ to Q₇, Q₁₁ to Q₁₇, Q₂₁ to Q₂₇, and Q₃₁ to Q₃₇ are, eachindependently, selected from a hydrogen, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, acyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, acyclopentenyl group, a cycloheptenyl group, a phenyl group, a pentalenylgroup, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, aheptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphtyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group,a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenylgroup, a rubicenyl group, a coroneryl group, an ovalenyl group, apyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolylgroup, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, anoxazolyl group, an isooxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, anindolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group,an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, anaphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, anacridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, abenzoimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group,isoa benzothiazolyl group, a benzooxazolyl group, an isobenzooxazolylgroup, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, atriazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, abenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, and animidazopyridinyl group.

An OLED according to one or more embodiments will now be described ingreater detail with reference to the following examples. However, theseexamples are for illustrative purpose only and are not intended to limitthe scope of embodiments.

EXAMPLE

The following Examples and Comparative Examples are provided in order tohighlight characteristics of one or more embodiments, but it will beunderstood that the Examples and Comparative Examples are not to beconstrued as limiting the scope of the embodiments, nor are theComparative Examples to be construed as being outside the scope of theembodiments. Further, it will be understood that the embodiments are notlimited to the particular details described in the Examples andComparative Examples.

Synthesis of Subs 2(1) to 2(6) that belong to Sub 2

Subs 2(1) to 2(6), i.e. compounds that belong to Sub 2, were synthesizedaccording to Reaction Scheme 1:

When synthesizing Subs 2(1) to Sub 2(6), Ar₁ and Sub 2-3 in ReactionScheme 1 were as shown in Table 1:

TABLE 1 Reaction Scheme 1 Compound Ar₁ Sub 2-3 Sub 2(1) phenyl1-bromo-4-iodobenzene Sub 2(2) 1-naphthyl 1-bromo-4-iodobenzene Sub 2(3)biphenyl 1-bromo-4-iodobenzene Sub 2(4) phenyl 1-bromo-4-iodobenzene Sub2(5) 1-naphthyl 1-bromo-4-iodobenzene Sub 2(6) biphenyl1-bromo-4-iodobenzene

Synthesis of Sub 1-2

1 equivalent of a carbazole group and 1.1 equivalent of Sub 1-1 wereadded to toluene, and then 0.05 equivalent of Pd₂(dba)₃, 0.1 equivalentof PPh₃, and 3 equivalents of NaOt-Bu were each added thereto. Then, themixture was refluxed with stirring at 100° C. for 24 hours and extractedwith ether and water to obtain an organic layer. The resultant organiclayer was dried and concentrated with MgSO₄, and then silica gel columnchromatography and recrystallization were performed on the resultant toobtain Sub 1-2.

Synthesis of Sub 1-3

1 equivalent of Sub 1-2 was dissolved in methylenechloride, and 1.1equivalent of N-bromosuccimide NBS was slowly added thereto and stirredat room temperature for 24 hours. When the reaction was completed, HClat a concentration of 5% and water were added to remove remaining NBSand extracted with ether and water to obtain an organic layer. Theresultant organic layer was dried and concentrated with MgSO₄, and thensilica gel column chromatography and recrystallization were performed onthe organic produced to obtain Sub 1-3.

Synthesis of Sub 1-4

1 equivalent of Sub 1-3 was dissolved in anhydrous ether, a temperatureof the reacting solution was lowered to −78° C., 1.1 equivalent ofn-BuLi (2.5M in hexane) was slowly added thereto, and the mixture wasstirred for 30 minutes. Then, a temperature of the mixture was loweredagain to −78° C., and 1.5 equivalent of Triisopropylborate wasdropwisely added thereto. The mixture was then stirred at roomtemperature, water was added to dilute the mixture, and then 2N HCl wasadded. When the reaction was completed, an organic layer extractedtherefrom with ethyl acetate and water was dried and concentrated withMgSO₄, and then silica gel column chromatography and recrystallizationwere performed on the organic produced to obtain Sub 1-4.

Synthesis of Sub 2-1

1 equivalent of Sub 1-4 was dissolved in THF, and then 1.1 equivalent of1,3-dibromobenzene, 0.03 equivalent of Pd(PPh₃)₄, 3 equivalents of NaOH,and water were added thereto and refluxed while stirring. When thereaction was completed, an organic layer extracted therefrom with etherand water was dried and concentrated with MgSO₄, and then silica gelcolumn chromatography and recrystallization were performed on theorganic produced to obtain Sub 2-1.

Synthesis of Sub 2-2

1 equivalent of Sub 2-1 was dissolved in DMF, and then 1.1 equivalent ofbis(pinacolato)diboron, 0.03 equivalent of PdCl₂(dppf), and 3equivalents of KOAc were sequentially added thereto and stirred for 24hours to synthesize a borate compound. Then, silica gel columnchromatography and recrystallization were performed on the compound toobtain Sub 2-2.

Synthesis of Sub 2

1 equivalent of Sub 2-2 was dissolved in THF, and then 1.1 equivalent ofSub 2-3, 0.03 equivalent of Pd(PPh₃)₄, 3 equivalents of NaOH, and waterwere sequentially added thereto and refluxed while stirring. Then, whenthe reaction was completed, an organic layer extracted therefrom withether and water was dried and concentrated with MgSO₄, and then silicagel column chromatography and recrystallization were performed on theorganic produced to obtain Sub 2.

MS data of Subs 2(1) to 2(6) that belong to Sub 2 are as shown in Table2:

TABLE 2 Compound FD-MS Compound FD-MS Sub 2(1) m/z = 473.08(C₃₀H₂₀BrN =474.39) Sub 2(2) m/z = 523.09(C₃₄H₂₂BrN = 524.45) Sub 2(3) m/z =549.11(C₃₆H₂₄BrN = 550.49) Sub 2(4) m/z = 473.08(C₃₀H₂₀BrN = 474.39) Sub2(5) m/z = 523.09(C₃₄H₂₂BrN = 524.45) Sub 2(6) m/z = 549.11(C₃₆H₂₄BrN =550.49)

Synthesis of Subs 3(1) to 3(24) that belong to Sub 3

Subs 3(1) to 3(24) that belong to Sub 3 may be each synthesizedaccording to Reaction Scheme 2:

When synthesizing Sub 3(1) to Sub 3(24), Sub 3-1 and Ar₂ in ReactionScheme 2 are as in Table 3:

TABLE 3 Reaction Scheme 2 Compound Ar₂ Sub 3-1 Sub 3(1) phenyl group9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluorene group-2-amine Sub 3(2) 1-naphthyl group Sub3(3) 2-naphthyl group Sub 3(4)

Sub 3(5)

Sub 3(6)

Sub 3(7)

Sub 3(8)

Sub 3(9) phenyl group 9,9-diphenyl group-9H-fluorene group-2- Sub 3(10)1-naphthyl group amine Sub 3(11) 2-naphthyl group Sub 3(12)

Sub 3(13)

Sub 3(14)

Sub 3(15)

Sub 3(16)

Sub 3(17) phenyl group

Sub 3(18) 1-naphthyl group Sub 3(19) 2-naphthyl group Sub 3(20)

Sub 3(21)

Sub 3(22)

Sub 3(23)

Sub 3(24)

1 equivalent of Sub 3-1, 1.1 equivalent of Sub 3-2, 0.05 equivalent ofPd₂(dba)₃, 0.1 equivalent of P(t-Bu)₃, 3 equivalents of NaOt-Bu, and10.5 mL of toluene/1 mmol a starting material, were added to around-bottom flask and reacted at a temperature of 100° C. When thereaction was completed, an organic layer extracted therefrom with etherand water was dried and concentrated with MgSO₄, and then silica gelcolumn chromatography and recrystallization were performed on theorganic produced to obtain Sub 3.

MS data of Subs 3(1) to 3(24) that belong to Sub 3 are as shown in Table4:

TABLE 4 Compound FD-MS Compound FD-MS Sub 3(1) m/z = 285.15(C₂₁H₁₉N =285.38) Sub 3(2) m/z = 335.17(C₂₅H₂₁N = 335.44) Sub 3(3) m/z =335.17(C₂₅H₂₁N = 335.44) Sub 3(4) m/z = 361.18(C₂₇H₂₈N = 361.48) Sub3(5) m/z = 411.20(C₃₁H₂₅N = 411.54) Sub 3(6) m/z = 411.20(C₃₁H₂₅N =411.54) Sub 3(7) m/z = 411.20(C₃₁H₂₅N = 411.54) Sub 3(8) m/z =411.20(C₃₁H₂₅N = 411.54) Sub 3(9) m/z = 409.18(C₃₁H₂₃N = 409.52) Sub3(10) m/z = 459.20(C₃₅H₂₅N = 459.58) Sub 3(11) m/z = 459.20(C₃₅H₂₅N =459.58) Sub 3(12) m/z = 485.21(C₃₇H₂₇N = 485.62) Sub 3(13) m/z =535.23(C₄₁H₂₉N = 535.68) Sub 3(14) m/z = 535.23(C₄₁H₂₉N = 535.68) Sub3(15) m/z = 535.23(C₄₁H₂₉N = 535.68) Sub 3(16) m/z = 535.23(C₄₁H₂₉N =535.68) Sub 3(17) m/z = 407.17(C₃₁H₂₁N = 407.51) Sub 3(18) m/z =457.18(C₃₅H₂₃N = 457.56) Sub 3(19) m/z = 457.18(C₃₅H₂₃N = 457.56) Sub3(20) m/z = 483.20(C₃₇H₂₅N = 483.60) Sub 3(21) m/z = 533.21(C₄₁H₂₇N =533.66) Sub 3(22) m/z = 533.21(C₄₁H₂₇N = 533.66) Sub 3(23) m/z =533.21(C₄₁H₂₇N = 533.66) Sub 3(24) m/z = 533.21(C₄₁H₂₇N = 533.66)

Synthesis Example 1 Synthesis of Compound 2

1 equivalent of Sub 3(12), and 1.1 equivalent of Sub 2(1), 0.05equivalent of Pd₂(dba)₃, 0.1 equivalent of P(t-Bu)₃, 3 equivalents ofNaOt-Bu, and 10.5 mL of toluene/1 mmol a starting material, were addedto a round-bottom flask and reacted at a temperature of 100° C. When thereaction was completed, an organic layer extracted therefrom with etherand water was dried and concentrated with MgSO₄, and then silica gelcolumn chromatography and recrystallization were performed on theorganic produced to obtain Compound 2. The synthesized compound wasconfirmed by MS/FAB and ¹H NMR.

m/z=878.37 (C₆₇H₄₆N₂=879.10)

¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ(ppm) 7.13-7.23 (m, 15H), 7.30-7.75 (m, 28H),7.92 (s, 1H), 8.22 (d, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 8.43 (d, J=1.3 Hz, 1H)

Synthesis Example 2 Synthesis of Compound 8

Compound 8 was synthesized in the same manner used in Synthesis Example1, except that Sub 2(3) was used instead of Sub 2(1). The synthesizedcompound was confirmed by MS/FAB and ¹H NMR.

m/z=954.40 (C₇₃H₅₀N₂=955.19)

¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ(ppm) 7.12-7.79 (m, 45H), 7.86 (d, J=8.5 Hz,2H), 7.94 (s, 1H), 8.24 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 8.45 (d, J=1.4 Hz, 1H)

Synthesis Example 3 Synthesis of Compound 7

Compound 7 was synthesized in the same manner used in Synthesis Example1, except that Sub 3(9) and Sub 2(3) were used instead of Sub 3(12) andSub 2(1). The synthesized compound was confirmed by MS/FAB and ¹H NMR.

m/z=878.37 (C₆₇H₄₆N₂=879.10)

¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ(ppm) 6.99-7.79 (m, 41H), 7.86 (d, J=8.5 Hz,2H), 7.93 (s, 1H), 8.24 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 8.44 (d, J=1.3 Hz, 1H)

Synthesis Example 4 Synthesis of Compound 26

Compound 26 was synthesized in the same manner used in Synthesis Example1, except that Sub 3(4) was used instead of Sub 3(12). The synthesizedcompound was confirmed by MS/FAB and ¹H NMR.

m/z=754.33 (C₅₇H₄₂N₂=754.96)

¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ(ppm) 1.45 (s, 6H), 7.15 (brs, 2H), 7.27-7.34(m, 8H), 7.39-7.74 (m, 23H), 7.94 (s, 1H), 8.21 (d, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 8.42(d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H)

Synthesis Example 5 Synthesis of Compound 32

Compound 32 was synthesized in the same manner used in Synthesis Example1, except that Sub 3(4) and Sub 2(3) were used instead of Sub 3(12) andSub 2(1). The synthesized compound was confirmed by MS/FAB and ¹H NMR.

Synthesis Example 6 Synthesis of Compound 55

Compound 55 was synthesized in the same manner used in Synthesis Example1, except that Sub 3(9) and Sub 2(6) were used instead of Sub 3(12) andSub 2(1). The synthesized compound was confirmed by MS/FAB and ¹H NMR.

m/z=878.37 (C₆₇H₄₆N₂=879.10)

¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ(ppm) 6.97-7.75 (m, 41H), 7.80-7.87 (m, 3H),8.18 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 8.36 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H)

Synthesis Example 7 Synthesis of Compound 50

Compound 50 was synthesized in the same manner used in Synthesis Example1, except that Sub 2(4) was used instead of Sub 2(1). The synthesizedcompound was confirmed by MS/FAB and ¹H NMR.

m/z=878.37 (C₆₇H₄₆N₂=879.10)

¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ(ppm) 7.06-7.76 (m, 43H), 7.84 (s, 1H), 8.18(d, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 8.38 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H)

Synthesis Example 8 Synthesis of Compound 14

Compound 14 was synthesized in the same manner used in Synthesis Example1, except that Sub 2(2) was used instead of Sub 2(1). The synthesizedcompound was confirmed by MS/FAB and ¹H NMR.

m/z=928.38 (C₇₁H₄₈N₂=929.15)

¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ(ppm) 7.01-7.24 (m, 16H), 7.27-7.79 (m, 27H),7.92 (s, 1H), 8.02-8.10 (m, 2H), 8.25-8.29 (m, 1H), 8.48 (d, J=1.2 Hz,1H)

Synthesis Example 9 Synthesis of Compound 5

Compound 5 was synthesized in the same manner used in Synthesis Example1, except that Sub 3(10) was used instead of Sub 3(12). The synthesizedcompound was confirmed by MS/FAB and ¹H NMR.

m/z=852.35 (C₆₅H₄₄N₂=853.06)

¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ(ppm) 6.98 (dd, J=8.3, 2.1 Hz, 1H), 7.04 (d,J=8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.09-7.22 (m, 11H), 7.27-7.38 (m, 6H), 7.42-7.66 (m,17H), 7.70 (dd, J=8.5, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 7.78 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.87-7.91(m, 3H), 8.19 (d, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 8.39 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H)

The amine-based compound represented by Formula 1 or 2 according to anembodiment may be synthesized by referring to the compounds of Subs 2(1)to 2(6), Subs 3(1) to 3(24), and Synthesis Examples 1 to 9.

Example 1

A Corning 15 Ω/cm² ITO glass substrate at a thickness of 1,200 Å, as ananode, was cut to a size of 50 mm×50 mm×0.7 mm, washed with ultrasonicwaves in isopropyl alcohol and pure water for 5 minutes each, and thencleaned with UV and ozone for 30 minutes. The ITO glass substrate wasmounted on a vacuum depositor.

Compound HT3 and Compound HT-D1 were co-deposited on the ITO layer at aweight ratio of 99:1 to form a HIL with a thickness of 100 Å, andCompound HT3 was deposited on the HIL to form a HTL with a thickness of1300 Å, thereby completing preparation of a hole transport region.

Compound 26 was deposited on the hole transport region to form aninterlayer with a thickness of 50 Å.

9,10-dinaphthalene-2-yl-anthracene (AND, as a host) and DPAVBi (as adopant) were co-deposited on the interlayer at a weight ratio of 97:3 toform a blue EML with a thickness of 200 Å.

Then, Alq₃ was co-deposited on the blue EML to form an ETL with athickness of 360 Å, LiF was deposited on the ETL to form an EIL with athickness of 5 Å, and Al was deposited on the EIL to form a secondelectrode (a cathode) having a thickness of 1000 Å, thereby completingmanufacture of OLED 1.

Example 2

OLED 2 was manufactured in the same manner used in Example 1, exceptthat a thickness of the interlayer was changed to 100 Å.

Example 3

OLED 3 was manufactured in the same manner used in Example 1, exceptthat Compound 32 was used instead of Compound 26 in the formation of theinterlayer.

Example 4

OLED 3 was manufactured in the same manner used in Example 3, exceptthat a thickness of the interlayer was changed to 100 Å.

Evaluation Example 1

Driving voltage, current density, luminance, efficiency, output, colorcoordinates, and lifespan (T₉₇) data of OLEDs 1 to 4 prepared inExamples 1 to 4 were evaluated by using an I-V-L Measurement Unit.(Keithley 238, PhotoResearch), and the results are shown in Table 5 andFIG. 3 (time-luminance data). The T₉₇ data (at 760 nit) is a timemeasured for a luminance of the device to decrease to 97% from theinitial luminance 100% after start performing the device.

TABLE 5 Driving voltage Current density Efficiency Output T₉₇ (V)(mA/cm²) (Cd/A) (Im/W) CIE_x CIE_y Cd/A/y (@760 nit) OLED 1 4.2 12.2 5.03.7 0.144 0.047 106.8 86 OLED 2 4.0 10.5 5.3 4.2 0.145 0.043 123.6 151OLED 3 4.2 12.0 5.0 3.8 0.144 0.046 108.9 100 OLED 4 3.9 9.9 5.6 4.50.145 0.042 132.0 100

According to Table 5 and FIG. 3, it may be confirmed that OLEDs 1 to 4prepared in Examples 1 to 5 have excellent driving voltage, currentdensity, luminance, efficiency, output, color coordinates, and lifespandata.

Evaluation Example 2

HOD 1, i.e., a hole-only device, was manufactured in the same mannerused in Example 1 to manufacture OLED 1, except that Al was deposited onan EML to form a second electrode (a cathode) having a thickness of1,000 Å instead of forming an ETL and an EIL on the EML.

HOD 2 was manufactured in the same manner used to manufacture HOD 1,except that Compound 32 was used instead of Compound 26 in the formationof an interlayer.

A voltage-current density data of HOD 1 and HOD 2 were evaluated byusing an I-V-L Measurement Unit. (Keithley 238, PhotoResearch), and theresults are shown in FIG. 4.

Referring to FIG. 4, it was confirmed that electron leakage current maybe prevented as hole injection into the EML increases, and thus lifespanof OLED 1 and OLED 3 may improve.

Example 5

OLED 5 emitting red light was prepared in the same manner used inExample 1, except that CBP was used as a red host and PtOEP was used asa red dopant (a weight ratio of the red host:the red dopant=98:2) and athickness of the EML was 400A in the formation of the EML.

Example 6

OLED 6 emitting red light was prepared in the same manner used inExample 5, except that Compound 32 was used instead of Compound 26 inthe formation of an interlayer.

Evaluation Example 3

Driving voltage, current density, efficiency, and lifespan (T₉₇) data ofOLEDs 5 and 6 prepared in Examples 5 and 6 were evaluated in the samemanner used in Evaluation Example 1, and the results are shown in Table6.

TABLE 6 Driving Current voltage density Efficiency T₉₇ (V) (mA/cm²)(Cd/A) (@760 nit) OLED 5 4.4 9.9 39.0 717 OLED 6 4.4 10.7 41.0 700 ormore

Referring to Table 6, it was confirmed that OLEDs 5 and 6 prepared inExamples 5 and 6 may have excellent driving voltage, current density,efficiency, and lifespan data.

By way of summation and review, one or more embodiments provide anorganic light-emitting device having a high efficiency and a longlifespan.

Example embodiments have been disclosed herein, and although specificterms are employed, they are used and are to be interpreted in a genericand descriptive sense only and not for purpose of limitation. In someinstances, as would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art asof the filing of the present application, features, characteristics,and/or elements described in connection with a particular embodiment maybe used singly or in combination with features, characteristics, and/orelements described in connection with other embodiments unless otherwisespecifically indicated. Accordingly, it will be understood by those ofskill in the art that various changes in form and details may be madewithout departing from the spirit and scope thereof as set forth in thefollowing claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. An organic light-emitting device (OLED),comprising: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the firstelectrode; an emission layer (EML) between the first electrode and thesecond electrode; a hole transport region between the first electrodeand the EML; an electron transport region between the EML and the secondelectrode; and an interlayer between the EML and the hole transportregion, wherein the interlayer includes an amine-based compoundrepresented by Formula 1 or 2:

wherein, in Formulae 1 and 2, Z₁₁ is N or C(R₁₁), Z₁₂ is N or C(R₁₂),Z₁₃ is N or C(R₁₃), Z₁₄ is N or C(R₁₄), Z₁₅ is N or C(R₁₅), Z₁₆ is N orC(R₁₆), Z₁₇ is N or C(R₁₇), Z₁₈ is N or C(R₁₈), Z₁₉ is N or C(R₁₉), Z₂₀is N or C(R₂₀), Z₂₁ is N or C(R₂₁), Z₂₂ is N or C(R₂₂), Z₂₃ is N orC(R₂₃), and Z₂₄ is N or C(R₂₄); Ar₁ and Ar₂ are each independentlyselected from a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromaticcondensed polycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstitutedmonovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group; R₁ and R₂ areeach independently selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroarylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted monovalentnon-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group; R₃, R₄, and R₁₁ to R₂₄are each independently selected from a hydrogen, a deuterium, —F, —Cl,—Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group,an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylicacid or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoricacid or a salt thereof, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroarylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromaticheterocondensed polycyclic group, —N(Q₁)(Q₁), —Si(Q₃)(Q₄)(Q₅), and—B(Q₆)(Q₇); p and q are each independently an integer of 1 to 4; atleast one substituent of the substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, substitutedC₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, substitutedC₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, substitutedC₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group,substituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthiogroup, substituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, substituted monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and substituted monovalentnon-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group is selected from, adeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, aC₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, and C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group; aC₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, anda C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one of adeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group,a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, aC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromaticheterocondensed polycyclic group, —N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂), —Si(Q₁₃)(Q₁₄)(Q₁₅), and—B(Q₁₆)(Q₁₇); a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylgroup, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, aC₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, aC₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclicgroup, and a monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group; aC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₂-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,and a monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group, eachsubstituted with at least one of a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynylgroup, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, aC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromaticheterocondensed polycyclic group, —N(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂), —Si(Q₂₃)(Q₂₄)(Q₂₅), and—B(Q₂₆)(Q₂₇); and —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —Si(Q₃₃)(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅), and —B(Q₃₆)(Q₃₇); Q₁to Q₇, Q₁₁ to Q₁₇, Q₂₁ to Q₂₇, and Q₃₁ to Q₃₇ are each independentlyselected from, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, aC₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₂-C₆₀ heteroarylgroup, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and amonovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group.
 2. The OLED asclaimed in claim 1, wherein Z₁₁ is C(R₁₁), Z₁₂ is C(R₁₂), Z₁₃ is C(R₁₃),Z₁₄ is C(R₁₄), Z₁₅ is C(R₁₅), Z₁₆ is C(R₁₆), Z₁₇ is C(R₁₇), Z₁₈ isC(R₁₈), Z₁₉ is C(R₁₉), Z₂₀ is C(R₂₀), Z₂₁ is C(R₂₁), Z₂₂ is C(R₂₂), Z₂₃is C(R₂₃), and Z₂₄ is C(R₂₄).
 3. The OLED as claimed in claim 1, whereinAr₁ and Ar₂ are each independently selected from, a phenyl group, apentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group,a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphtyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenylgroup, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, apicenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenylgroup, a pyrrolyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, an indazolyl group, apurinyl group, a quinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, aphthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, aphenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, aphenazinyl group, a benzooxazolyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, afuranyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a thiophenyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, abenzothiazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, atriazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinylgroup, a benzooxazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adibenzothiophenyl group, and a benzocarbazolyl group; and a phenylgroup, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, anazulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphtylgroup, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, atriphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenylgroup, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, ahexacenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolylgroup, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, apyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, an indazolylgroup, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, aphthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, aphenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, aphenazinyl group, a benzooxazolyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, afuranyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a thiophenyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, abenzothiazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, atriazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinylgroup, a benzooxazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adibenzothiophenyl group, and a benzocarbazolyl group, each substitutedwith at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Br, —I, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof,a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group, aC₂-C₂₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclicgroup, and a monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group.4. The OLED as claimed in claim 1, wherein Ar₁ and Ar₂ are eachindependently selected from, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group,a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, anindolyl group, a quinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group; and a phenyl group, a naphthylgroup, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenylgroup, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, apyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolylgroup, an indolyl group, a quinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group, each substituted with at leastone selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, acyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof,a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthylgroup, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenylgroup, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, apyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolylgroup, an indolyl group, a quinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group.
 5. The OLED as claimed in claim1, wherein Ar₁ and Ar₂ are each independently a group represented by oneof Formulae 3-1 to 3-20:

wherein, in Formulae 3-1 to 3-20, * denotes a binding site with N inFormula
 1. 6. The OLED as claimed in claim 1, wherein R₁ and R₂ are eachindependently selected from, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group; a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group,substituted with at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br,—I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidor a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidor a salt thereof, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group,a spiro-fluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, apyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, a quinolinylgroup, a benzoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinylgroup, a cinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group; aphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenylgroup, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, a quinolinyl group, abenzoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group; and aphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenylgroup, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, a quinolinyl group, abenzoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br,—I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidor a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidor a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenylgroup, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, atriphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, anisoindolyl group, an indolyl group, a quinolinyl group, abenzoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group.
 7. The OLEDas claimed in claim 1, wherein R₁ and R₂ are each independently selectedfrom a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, apentyl group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group, and one of the groupsrepresented by Formula 3-1 to 3-20:

wherein, in Formulae 3-1 to 3-20, * denotes a carbon atom of a fluorenegroup in Formula
 1. 8. The OLED as claimed in claim 1, wherein R₃, R₄,and R₁₁ to R₂₄ are each independently selected from, a hydrogen, adeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, and a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group;a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, substituted with at least one selected from adeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a phenyl group, a naphthylgroup, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenylgroup, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, apyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolylgroup, an indolyl group, a quinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group; a phenyl group, a naphthylgroup, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenylgroup, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, apyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolylgroup, an indolyl group, a quinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group; and a phenyl group, a naphthylgroup, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenylgroup, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, apyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolylgroup, an indolyl group, a quinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group, each substituted with at leastone selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, acyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof,a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthylgroup, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenylgroup, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, apyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolylgroup, an indolyl group, a quinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group.
 9. The OLED as claimed in claim1, wherein R₃, R₄, and R₁₁ to R₂₄ are each independently selected from ahydrogen, a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazinegroup, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof,and a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group.
 10. The OLED as claimed in claim 1, whereinR₃, R₄, and R₁₁ to R₂₄ are each independently selected from a hydrogen,a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a methyl group, an ethylgroup, a propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, aheptyl group, and one the groups represented by Formulae 3-1 to 3-20:


11. The OLED as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amine-based compoundrepresented by Formula 1 or 2 is represented by Formula 1A or 2A:

wherein, in Formulae 1A and 2A, descriptions of the substituents are asdefined in claim
 1. 12. The OLED as claimed in claim 1, wherein theamine-based compound represented by Formula 1 or 2 is one of Compounds 1to 96:


13. The OLED as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hole transport regionincludes at least one of a compound represented by Formula 201A and acompound represented by Formula 202A:

L₂₀₁ to L₂₀₃ are each independently selected from, a phenylene group, anaphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, a spiro-fluorenylene group, abenzofluorenylene group, a dibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylenegroup, an anthracenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylenegroup, a pyridinylene group, a pyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylenegroup, a pyridazinylene group, a quinolinylene group, anisoquinolinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group, a quinazolinylenegroup, a carbazolylene group, and a triazinylene group; and a phenylenegroup, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, a spiro-fluorenylenegroup, a benzofluorenylene group, a dibenzofluorenylene group, aphenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylene group, a pyrenylene group, achrysenylene group, a pyridinylene group, a pyrazinylene group, apyrimidinylene group, a pyridazinylene group, a quinolinylene group, anisoquinolinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group, a quinazolinylenegroup, a carbazolylene group, and a triazinylene group, each substitutedwith at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, anaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group,an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, aquinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group; xa1 toxa3 are each independently 0 or 1; R₂₀₃, R₂₀₄, R₂₀₅, R₂₁₁, and R₂₁₂ areeach independently selected from, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group,a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group; and a phenyl group, a naphthylgroup, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenylgroup, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenylgroup, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, aquinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br,—I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidor a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidor a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenylgroup, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group,an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, aquinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group; R₂₁₃ andR₂₁₄ are each independently selected from, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and aC₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group; a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group,each substituted with at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl,—Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group,an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylicacid or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoricacid or a salt thereof, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group,a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group; a phenyl group, a naphthylgroup, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenylgroup, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenylgroup, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, apyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinylgroup, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinylgroup, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group; and a phenyl group, anaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group,an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, aquinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br,—I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidor a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidor a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenylgroup, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group,an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, aquinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group; R₂₁₅ andR₂₁₆ are each independently selected from, a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br,—I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidor a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidor a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group; aC₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with atleast one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group,a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof,a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof,a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group,a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group; aphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group,a quinazolinyl group, and a triazinyl group; and a phenyl group, anaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group,an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, aquinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br,—I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidor a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidor a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenylgroup, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group,an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, aquinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group; xa5 is 1or
 2. 14. The OLED as claimed in claim 13, wherein one of the compoundrepresented by Formula 201A and the compound represented by Formula 202Acomprises one of Compounds HT1 to HT21:


15. The OLED as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hole transport regionfurther comprises a p-dopant.
 16. The OLED as claimed in claim 1,wherein the EML is a blue EML emitting blue light or a red EML emittingred light.
 17. An OLED comprising a substrate comprising a firstsub-pixel, a second sub-pixel, and a third sub-pixel; a plurality offirst electrodes arranged according to the first sub-pixel, the secondsub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel of the substrate; a second electrodefacing the first electrodes; an EML comprising a first EML that isdisposed between the first electrode of the first sub-pixel and thesecond electrode and emits blue light, a second EML that is disposedbetween the first electrode of the second sub-pixel and the secondelectrode and emits green light, and a third EML that is disposedbetween the first electrode of the third sub-pixel and the secondelectrode and emits red light; a hole transport region disposed betweenthe first electrode and the EML; and an electron transport regiondisposed between the EML and the second electrode, wherein the OLEDcomprises at least one of i) a first interlayer that is disposed on thefirst sub-pixel between the first EML and the hole transport region andcomprises an amine-based compound represented by Formula 1 or 2 and ii)a third interlayer that is disposed on the third sub-pixel between thethird EML and the hole transport region and comprises an amine-basedcompound represented by Formula 1 or 2:

wherein, in Formulae 1 and 2, Z₁₁ is N or C(R₁₁), Z₁₂ is N or C(R₁₂),Z₁₃ is N or C(R₁₃), Z₁₄ is N or C(R₁₄), Z₁₅ is N or C(R₁₅), Z₁₆ is N orC(R₁₆), Z₁₇ is N or C(R₁₇), Z₁₈ is N or C(R₁₈), Z₁₉ is N or C(R₁₉), Z₂₀is N or C(R₂₀), Z₂₁ is N or C(R₂₁), Z₂₂ is N or C(R₂₂), Z₂₃ is N orC(R₂₃), and Z₂₄ is N or C(R₂₄); Ar₁ and Ar₂ are each independentlyselected from a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromaticcondensed polycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstitutedmonovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group; R₁ and R₂ areeach independently selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroarylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted monovalentnon-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group; R₃, R₄, and R₁₁ to R₂₄are each independently selected from a hydrogen, a deuterium, —F, —Cl,—Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group,an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylicacid or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoricacid or a salt thereof, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroarylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromaticheterocondensed polycyclic group, —N(Q₁)(Q₁), —Si(Q₃)(Q₄)(Q₅), and—B(Q₆)(Q₇); p and q are each independently an integer of 1 to 4; atleast one substituent of the substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, substitutedC₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, substitutedC₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, substitutedC₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group,substituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthiogroup, substituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, substituted monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and substituted monovalentnon-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group is selected from, adeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, aC₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, and a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group;a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group,and a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with one of a deuterium, —F,—Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an aminogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, acarboxylic acid or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, aC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromaticheterocondensed polycyclic group, —N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂), —Si(Q₁₃)(Q₁₄)(Q₁₅), and—B(Q₁₆)(Q₁₇); a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylgroup, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, aC₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, aC₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclicgroup, and a monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group; aC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₂-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,and a monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group, eachsubstituted with at least on of a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynylgroup, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, aC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromaticheterocondensed polycyclic group, —N(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂), —Si(Q₂₃)(Q₂₄)(Q₂₅), and—B(Q₂₆)(Q₂₇); and —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —Si(Q₃₃)(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅), and —B(Q₃₆)(Q₃₇); Q₁to Q₇, Q₁₁ to Q₁₇, Q₂₁ to Q₂₇, and Q₃₁ to Q₇ are each independentlyselected from a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, aC₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₂-C₆₀ heteroarylgroup, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and amonovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group.
 18. The OLEDas claimed in claim 17 further comprises a second interlayer that isdisposed on the second sub-pixel and between the second EML and the holetransport region, wherein the second interlayer does not comprise theamine-based compound represented by Formula 1 or
 2. 19. The OLED asclaimed in claim 17, wherein the hole transport region further comprisesa p-dopant.